Against

Alternative forms

 * , agaynst, agaynest
 * , agenest, ageinst , ageinest , ageynst , ageynest , agin

Etymology
Formed from, , , a southern variant of , or directly from , either way with adverbial genitive singular ending ; the parasitic was added circa 1350, probably by confusion with the superlative ending. Surface analysis.

Preposition

 * 1) In a contrary direction to.
 * 2) In physical opposition to; in collision with.
 * 3) In physical contact with, so as to abut or be supported by.
 * 4) Close to, alongside.
 * A row of trees stood against a fence.
 * 1) In front of; before (a background).
 * 2) In contrast or comparison with.
 * 3) In competition with, versus.
 * “[…] it is not fair of you to bring against mankind double weapons&thinsp;! Dangerous enough you are as woman alone, without bringing to your aid those gifts of mind suited to problems which men have been accustomed to arrogate to themselves.”
 * 1) Contrary to; in conflict with.
 * Doing this is against my principles.
 * It is against the law to smoke on these premises.
 * There was no car in sight so we crossed against the red light.
 * 1) In opposition to.
 * Ten voted for, and three voted against.
 * That horse is fifty-to-one against, so it has virtually no chance of winning.
 * 1) In exchange for.
 * 2) As counterbalance to.
 * 3) As a charge on.
 * Tax is levied against income from sales.
 * 1) As protection from.
 * 2) In anticipation of; in preparation for (a particular time, event etc.).
 * The stores are kept well stocked against a time of need.
 * 1) * 2003, Rodger J. Bille, A Few of the Chosen: Survivors of Terrorism, Trafford Publishing ISBN 9781412010085, page 8
 * Rod, who always distrusted such methods, was forced to accept the new way but had begun to stash away large amounts of cash against the day that the system might be sabotaged or failed entirely.
 * 1)  To be paid now in contrast to the following amount to be paid later under specified circumstances, usually that a movie is made or has started filming.
 * The studio weren't sure the movie would ever get made, so they only paid $50,000 against $200,000. That way they wouldn't be out very much if filming never began.
 * 1)  Exposed to.
 * Ten voted for, and three voted against.
 * That horse is fifty-to-one against, so it has virtually no chance of winning.
 * 1) In exchange for.
 * 2) As counterbalance to.
 * 3) As a charge on.
 * Tax is levied against income from sales.
 * 1) As protection from.
 * 2) In anticipation of; in preparation for (a particular time, event etc.).
 * The stores are kept well stocked against a time of need.
 * 1) * 2003, Rodger J. Bille, A Few of the Chosen: Survivors of Terrorism, Trafford Publishing ISBN 9781412010085, page 8
 * Rod, who always distrusted such methods, was forced to accept the new way but had begun to stash away large amounts of cash against the day that the system might be sabotaged or failed entirely.
 * 1)  To be paid now in contrast to the following amount to be paid later under specified circumstances, usually that a movie is made or has started filming.
 * The studio weren't sure the movie would ever get made, so they only paid $50,000 against $200,000. That way they wouldn't be out very much if filming never began.
 * 1)  Exposed to.
 * 1) As protection from.
 * 2) In anticipation of; in preparation for (a particular time, event etc.).
 * The stores are kept well stocked against a time of need.
 * 1) * 2003, Rodger J. Bille, A Few of the Chosen: Survivors of Terrorism, Trafford Publishing ISBN 9781412010085, page 8
 * Rod, who always distrusted such methods, was forced to accept the new way but had begun to stash away large amounts of cash against the day that the system might be sabotaged or failed entirely.
 * 1)  To be paid now in contrast to the following amount to be paid later under specified circumstances, usually that a movie is made or has started filming.
 * The studio weren't sure the movie would ever get made, so they only paid $50,000 against $200,000. That way they wouldn't be out very much if filming never began.
 * 1)  Exposed to.
 * Rod, who always distrusted such methods, was forced to accept the new way but had begun to stash away large amounts of cash against the day that the system might be sabotaged or failed entirely.
 * 1)  To be paid now in contrast to the following amount to be paid later under specified circumstances, usually that a movie is made or has started filming.
 * The studio weren't sure the movie would ever get made, so they only paid $50,000 against $200,000. That way they wouldn't be out very much if filming never began.
 * 1)  Exposed to.
 * 1)  Exposed to.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: ضد
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: contra
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: су́праць
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian: обратно на,
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Dalmatian: cuantra
 * Danish:, imod
 * Dhivehi:
 * Dutch: (... in)
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:, vastavirtaan
 * French:
 * Friulian: cuintri
 * Galician: contra
 * Georgian: საწინააღმდეგო
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient:
 * Hebrew:
 * Ido:
 * Interlingue: contra, vers
 * Irish: in aghaidh, in éadan
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese: 反して
 * Khmer: ប្រឆាំងនឹង


 * Korean: 거스르다,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Latin: ,
 * Latvian: pret
 * Macedonian: наспроти, против
 * Mirandese:
 * Navajo: bikʼą́ą́h
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: imot
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Sanskrit:
 * Scottish Gaelic: an aghaidh
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: против
 * Roman:
 * Sicilian: contra
 * Slovak: proti
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili: dhidi ya
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: про́ти
 * Venetian: contra
 * Welsh: yn erbyn
 * West Frisian: tsjin


 * Belarusian: аб
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: contra
 * Georgian: საწინააღმდეგოდ
 * Greek:


 * Ido:
 * Italian:
 * Khmer: ប្រឆាំងនឹង
 * Korean:
 * Mirandese:
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:


 * Albanian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: tegen (... aan)
 * Esperanto: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: საწინააღმდეგოდ, გვერდით
 * Greek:


 * Ido:
 * Khmer: ប្រឆាំងនឹង
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: до
 * Mirandese:
 * Portuguese: perto de
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish: cerca de


 * Asturian: contra
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian: на фона на
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ,


 * Georgian: საწინააღმდეგოდ, წინ
 * Greek:
 * Khmer: នៅពីមុខ
 * Mirandese:
 * Portuguese:, diante de
 * Russian:,  ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: mu choinneimh
 * Spanish: ,
 * Welsh: o flaen


 * Albanian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Esperanto: kontraste, kompare
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: შედარებით
 * Greek: see:
 * Gujarati:


 * Italian:
 * Khmer: នៅក្នុងការប្រៀបធៀប
 * Macedonian: наспроти
 * Mirandese:
 * Portuguese: em relação a
 * Russian:


 * Catalan: en contra
 * Czech:
 * Danish:, versus
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: წინააღმდეგ
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ido:
 * Irish: i gcoinne


 * Italian:
 * Khmer: ប្រឆាំងនឹង
 * Korean: ,
 * Lao:
 * Macedonian: против
 * Mirandese:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: an aghaidh
 * Spanish: en contra
 * Thai:
 * Vietnamese:


 * Arabic: ضِدّ
 * Egyptian Arabic: ضد
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Belarusian: су́праць
 * Bengali: বিরুদ্ধে
 * Berber:
 * Tashelhit: afna n
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: en contra
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech:
 * Danish:, imod
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: წინააღმდეგი, წინააღმდეგ
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: κατά
 * Hebrew:
 * Ido:
 * Irish: in aghaidh, in éadan, i gcoinne
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 逆らって, 反して, 対して
 * Kazakh:
 * Khmer: ប្រឆាំងនឹង
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: ,
 * Northern Kurdish: ,


 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao:
 * Latin:
 * Macedonian: против
 * Mirandese:
 * Ngazidja Comorian: pvo djuu
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Old English: aġēn
 * Old Occitan: contra
 * Pashto: پر ضد
 * Persian:
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: an aghaidh
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: против
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: proti
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish: en contra,, en pugna
 * Swahili: juu ya,
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog: kontra
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: garşy
 * Ukrainian: про́ти
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese:
 * West Frisian: tsjin


 * Belarusian: наўзамен, на
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: სანაცვლოდ, საპირისპიროდ
 * Italian: in cambio di


 * Khmer:
 * Macedonian: за
 * Mirandese:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, , в обме́н (на)
 * Ukrainian: в обмі́н (на),


 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: i stedet, i stedet for
 * Esperanto:


 * Finnish:
 * Khmer: ដែលយកមកថ្លឹងឲ្យស្មើគ្នានឹង
 * Mirandese:
 * Portuguese:


 * Finnish:
 * Khmer:


 * Mirandese:
 * Portuguese:


 * Belarusian: ад, су́праць
 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Georgian: საწინააღმდეგოდ
 * Ido:


 * Khmer: ដែលជាការការពារពី
 * Macedonian: против
 * Mirandese:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: an aghaidh
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: kontra
 * Ukrainian:, про́ти


 * Finnish:


 * French:


 * French:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian:, ,
 * Interlingua:
 * Italian:
 * : 反対 (はんたい, hantai)
 * Korean: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,


 * Latin:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Slovene:
 * Telugu:
 * Turkish:
 * Volapük:

Conjunction

 * 1)  By the time that (something happened); before.
 * 2) * 1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Folio Society 1973, p. 6:
 * He now gave Mrs Deborah positive orders to take the child to her own bed, and to call up a maid-servant to provide it pap, and other things, against it waked.
 * He now gave Mrs Deborah positive orders to take the child to her own bed, and to call up a maid-servant to provide it pap, and other things, against it waked.

Translations

 * Dutch: tegen dat, ,


 * Finnish: