Module:La-pronunc

local export = {}

local m_a = require("Module:accent qualifier") local m_IPA = require("Module:IPA") local ut = require("Module:utils") local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("la")

local u = mw.ustring.char local rfind = mw.ustring.find local rsubn = mw.ustring.gsub local rmatch = mw.ustring.match local rsplit = mw.text.split local ulower = mw.ustring.lower local usub = mw.ustring.sub local ulen = mw.ustring.len

local BREVE = u(0x0306) -- breve = ̆ local TILDE = u(0x0303) -- ̃ local HALF_LONG = "ˑ" local LONG = "ː"

local letters_ipa = { ["a"] = "a",["e"] = "e",["i"] = "i",["o"] = "o",["u"] = "u",["y"] = "y", ["ā"] = "aː",["ē"] = "eː",["ī"] = "iː",["ō"] = "oː",["ū"] = "uː",["ȳ"] = "yː", ["ae"] = "ae̯",["oe"] = "oe̯",["ei"] = "ei̯",["au"] = "au̯",["eu"] = "eu̯", ["b"] = "b",["d"] = "d",["f"] = "f", ["c"] = "k",["g"] = "ɡ",["v"] = "w",["x"] = "ks", ["ph"] = "pʰ",["th"] = "tʰ",["ch"] = "kʰ",["gh"] = "ɡʰ",["rh"] = "r",["qv"] = "kʷ",["gv"] = "ɡʷ", ["'"] = "ˈ",["ˈ"] = "ˈ", }

local letters_ipa_eccl = { ["a"] = "a",["e"] = "e",["i"] = "i",["o"] = "o",["u"] = "u",["y"] = "i", ["ā"] = "aː",["ē"] = "eː",["ī"] = "iː",["ō"] = "oː",["ū"] = "uː",["ȳ"] = "iː", ["ae"] = "eː",["oe"] = "eː",["ei"] = "ei̯",["au"] = "au̯",["eu"] = "eu̯", ["b"] = "b",["d"] = "d",["f"] = "f", ["c"] = "k",["g"] = "ɡ",["v"] = "v",["x"] = "ks", ["ph"] = "f",["th"] = "tʰ",["ch"] = "kʰ",["gh"] = "ɡʰ",["rh"] = "r",["qv"] = "kw",["gv"] = "ɡw", ["h"] = "", ["'"] = "ˈ",["ˈ"] = "ˈ", }

local letters_ipa_vul = { ["a"] = "a",["e"] = "ɛ",["i"] = "i",["o"] = "ɔ",["u"] = "u",["y"] = "e", ["ā"] = "aː",["ē"] = "eː",["ī"] = "iː",["ō"] = "oː",["ū"] = "uː",["ȳ"] = "eː", ["ae"] = "e",["oe"] = "e",["ei"] = "ei̯",["au"] = "au̯",["eu"] = "eu̯", ["b"] = "β",["d"] = "d",["f"] = "f", ["c"] = "k",["g"] = "ɡ",["v"] = "β",["x"] = "s", ["ph"] = "f",["th"] = "tʰ",["ch"] = "kʰ",["gh"] = "g",["rh"] = "r",["qv"] = "kʷ",["gv"] = "ɡʷ", ["h"] = "", ["'"] = "ˈ",["ˈ"] = "ˈ", }

local lax_vowel = { ["e"] = "ɛ", ["i"] = "ɪ", ["o"] = "ɔ", ["u"] = "ʊ", ["y"] = "ʏ", }

local tense_vowel = { ["ɛ"] = "e", ["ɪ"] = "i", ["ɔ"] = "o", ["ʊ"] = "u", ["ʏ"] = "y", }

local classical_vowel_letters = "aeɛiɪoɔuʊyʏ" local classical_vowel = "[" .. classical_vowel_letters .. "]"

local phonetic_rules = { -- Velar nasal assimilation {"ɡ([.ˈ]?)n", "ŋ%1n"}, {"n([.ˈ]?)([kɡ])", "ŋ%1%2"}, {"m([.ˈ]?)([kɡ])", "ŋ%1%2"}, -- Fronted labialization before front vowels {"ʷ%f[eɛiɪyʏ]", "ᶣ"}, -- No additional labialization before high back vowels {"ʷ%f[uʊ]", ""}, -- Tensing of vowels before another vowel {		"([ɛɪʏ])([.ˈ]?)%f[aeɛiɪoɔuʊyʏ]", function (vowel, following) return (tense_vowel[vowel] or vowel) .. following end, },	-- Nasal vowels {		"(" .. classical_vowel .. ")m$", function (vowel) return (lax_vowel[vowel] or vowel) .. TILDE .. HALF_LONG end, },	{		"(" .. classical_vowel .. ")[nm]([.ˈ]?[sf])", function (vowel, following) return (tense_vowel[vowel] or vowel) .. TILDE .. LONG .. following end, },	-- Allophones of L in line with Sen's 2015 phonological study and Pliny's exīlis-medius-pinguis distinction --- these two are positionally specified for two maximally different tongue-shapes {"l", "ɫ̪"}, -- pinguis, [+high, +back] and dental {"ɫ̪([.ˈ]?)ɫ̪", "l̠%1l̠"}, -- exīlis, [+high, -back] and ambiguously postalveolar. the strict [-back] might have further lead to tongue back lowering and retroflexion --- these three are basically underspecified and coloured progressively by surrounding vowels. diacritics here optional {"ɫ̪([eɛaoɔuʊ])", "ɫ̪%1"}, {"ɫ̪([.ˈ]?[iɪyʏ])", "l̪%1"}, -- Tapped R intervocalically and in complex onset {"([aeɛiɪoɔuʊyʏ][ː.ˈ]*)r(%f[aeɛiɪoɔuʊyʏ])", "%1ɾ%2"}, {"([fbdgptkʰ])r", "%1ɾ"}, -- retracted S	{"s", "s̠"}, -- Dental articulations {"t", "t̪"}, {"d", "d̪"}, {"n([.ˈ]?)([td])", "n̪%1%2"}, --it's not as clear as for the stops }

local phonetic_rules_eccl = { {"n([.ˈ]?)([kɡ])", "ŋ%1%2"}, --velar nasal assimilation {"m([.ˈ]?)([kɡ])", "ŋ%1%2"}, {"([aɛeiɔou][ː.ˈ]*)s([.ˈ]*)%f[aɛeiɔou]", "%1z%2"}, --voicing of s between vowels

--According to one rule, /e/ and /o/ are consistently mid-open in quality {"e", "ɛ"}, {"o", "ɔ"}, -- Dental articulations {"n([.ˈ]?)([td])([^͡])", "n̪%1%2%3"}, --assimilation of n to dentality. {"l([.ˈ]?)([td])([^͡])", "l̪%1%2%3"}, --Note that the quality of n might not be dental otherwise--it may be alveolar in most contexts in Italian, according to Wikipedia. {"t([^͡])", "t̪%1"},      --t is dental, except not necessarily as the first element of an affricate {"d([^͡])", "d̪%1"},      --d is dental, except not necessarily as the first element of an affricate {"t̪([.ˈ]?)t͡ʃ", "t%1t͡ʃ"}, {"d̪([.ˈ]?)d͡ʒ", "d%1d͡ʒ"}, {"d̪([.ˈ]?)d͡z", "d%1d͡z"},

--end of words {"lt$", "l̪t̪"}, {"nt$", "n̪t̪"}, {"t$", "t̪"}, {"d$", "d̪"},

--Partial assimilation of n and l before palatal affricates, as in Italian {"n([.ˈ]?)t͡ʃ", "n̠ʲ%1t͡ʃ"}, {"n([.ˈ]?)d͡ʒ", "n̠ʲ%1d͡ʒ"}, {"n([.ˈ]?)ʃ", "n̠ʲ%1ʃ"}, {"l([.ˈ]?)t͡ʃ", "l̠ʲ%1t͡ʃ"}, {"l([.ˈ]?)d͡ʒ", "l̠ʲ%1d͡ʒ"}, {"l([.ˈ]?)ʃ", "l̠ʲ%1ʃ"},

}

local lenition = { ["ɡ"] = "ɣ", ["g"] = "ɣ", ["d"] = "ð", ["k"] = "ɡ", ["t"] = "d", ["p"] = "b", }

local phonetic_rules_vul = { {"β([.ˈ])β","b%1b"}, {"([bdfghklmnprstvwzɣðβʰʷ]ː?)[ɛei]([.ˈ][aɔo])","%1ʲ%2"}, -- FIXME: Does the restriction to short u make sense? {"([bdfghklmnprstvwzɣðβʰʷ]ː?)[ɛei]([.ˈ]u[^ː])","%1ʲu%2"}, {"k([ɛei])","k%1"}, {"([bdfghklmnprstvwzɣðβʰʷ]ː?)u([.ˈ][aɛeiɔo])","%1ʷ%2"}, {"i([^ː])", "e%1"}, {"u([^ː])", "o%1"}, {"βʲ","βj"}, {"^(ˈ?)β","%1b"}, {"([aɛeiɔouː][.ˈ])([ɡdktp])%f[aɛeiɔou]", function (before, consonant) return before .. lenition[consonant] end}, {"a[nm]$", "ã"}, {"[eɛ][nm]$", "ẽ"}, {"i[nm]$", "ĩ"}, {"[oɔ][nm]$", "õ"}, {"u[nm]$", "ũ"}, {"ː",""}, }

local lengthen_vowel = { ["a"] = "aː", ["aː"] = "aː", ["ɛ"] = "ɛː", ["ɛː"] = "ɛː", ["e"] = "eː", ["eː"] = "eː", ["i"] = "iː", ["iː"] = "iː", ["ɔ"] = "ɔː", ["ɔː"] = "ɔː", ["o"] = "oː", ["oː"] = "oː", ["u"] = "uː", ["uː"] = "uː", }

local vowels = { "a", "ɛ", "e", "ɪ", "i", "ɔ", "o", "ʊ", "u", "y", "aː", "ɛː", "eː", "iː", "ɔː", "oː", "uː", "yː", "ae̯", "oe̯", "ei̯", "au̯", "eu̯", }

local onsets = { "b", "p", "pʰ", "d", "t", "tʰ", "β", "ɡ", "gʰ", "k", "kʰ", "kʷ", "ɡʷ", "kw", "ɡw", "t͡s", "t͡ʃ", "d͡ʒ", "ʃ", "f", "s", "h", "z", "d͡z", "l", "m", "n", "ɲ", "r", "j", "v", "w", "bl", "pl", "pʰl", "br", "pr", "pʰr", "dr", "tr", "tʰr", "ɡl", "kl", "kʰl", "ɡr", "kr", "kʰr", "fl", "fr", "sp", "st", "sk", "skʷ", "sw", "spr", "str", "skr", "spl", "skl", }

local codas = { "b", "p", "pʰ", "d", "t", "tʰ", "ɡ", "k", "kʰ", "β", "f", "s", "z", "l", "m", "n", "ɲ", "r", "j", "ʃ", "sp", "st", "sk", "spʰ", "stʰ", "skʰ", "lp", "lt", "lk", "lb", "ld", "lɡ", "lpʰ", "ltʰ", "lkʰ", "lf", "rp", "rt", "rk", "rb", "rd", "rɡ", "rpʰ", "rtʰ", "rkʰ", "rf", "mp", "nt", "nk", "mb", "nd", "nɡ", "mpʰ", "ntʰ", "nkʰ", "lm", "rl", "rm", "rn", "ps", "ts", "ks", "ls", "ns", "rs", "lks", "nks", "rks", "rps", "mps", "lms", "rls", "rms", "rns", }

-- Prefixes that end in a consonant; can be patterns. Occurrences of such -- prefixes + i + vowel cause the i to convert to j (to suppress this, add a -- dot, i.e. syllable boundary, after the i). local cons_ending_prefixes = { "a[bd]", "circum", "con", "dis", "ex", "in", "inter", "ob", "per", "sub", "subter", "super", "tr[aā]ns" }

local remove_macrons = { ["ā"] = "a", ["ē"] = "e", ["ī"] = "i", ["ō"] = "o", ["ū"] = "u", ["ȳ"] = "y", }

local macrons_to_breves = { ["ā"] = "ă", ["ē"] = "ĕ", ["ī"] = "ĭ", ["ō"] = "ŏ", ["ū"] = "ŭ", -- Unicode doesn't have breve-y ["ȳ"] = "y" .. BREVE, }

local remove_breves = { ["ă"] = "a", ["ĕ"] = "e", ["ĭ"] = "i", ["ŏ"] = "o", ["ŭ"] = "u", -- Unicode doesn't have breve-y }

local remove_ligatures = { ["æ"] = "ae", ["œ"] = "oe", }

for i, val in ipairs(vowels) do	vowels[val] = true end

for i, val in ipairs(onsets) do	onsets[val] = true end

for i, val in ipairs(codas) do	codas[val] = true end

-- NOTE: Everything is lowercased very early on, so we don't have to worry -- about capitalized letters. local short_vowels_string = "aeiouyăĕĭŏŭäëïöüÿ" -- no breve-y in Unicode local long_vowels_string = "āēīōūȳ" local vowels_string = short_vowels_string .. long_vowels_string local vowels_c = "[" .. vowels_string .. "]" local non_vowels_c = "[^" .. vowels_string .. "]"

-- version of rsubn that discards all but the first return value local function rsub(term, foo, bar) local retval = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval end

-- version of rsubn that returns a 2nd argument boolean indicating whether -- a substitution was made. local function rsubb(term, foo, bar) local retval, nsubs = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval, nsubs > 0 end

local function letters_to_ipa(word,phonetic,eccl,vul) local phonemes = {} local dictionary = eccl and letters_ipa_eccl or (vul and letters_ipa_vul or letters_ipa) while ulen(word) > 0 do		local longestmatch = "" for letter, ipa in pairs(dictionary) do			if ulen(letter) > ulen(longestmatch) and usub(word, 1, ulen(letter)) == letter then longestmatch = letter end end if ulen(longestmatch) > 0 then if dictionary[longestmatch] == "ks" then table.insert(phonemes, "k") table.insert(phonemes, "s") else table.insert(phonemes, dictionary[longestmatch]) end word = usub(word, ulen(longestmatch) + 1) else table.insert(phonemes, usub(word, 1, 1)) word = usub(word, 2) end end if eccl then for i=1,#phonemes do		local prev, cur, next = phonemes[i-1], phonemes[i], phonemes[i+1] if next and (cur == "k" or cur == "ɡ") and rfind(next, "^[eɛi]ː?$") then if cur == "k" then if prev == "s" and ((not phonemes[i-2]) or phonemes[i-2] ~= "k") then prev = "ʃ" cur = "ʃ" else cur = "t͡ʃ" if prev == "k" then prev = "t" end end else cur = "d͡ʒ" if prev == "ɡ" then prev = "d" end end end if cur == "t" and next == "i" and not (prev == "s" or prev == "t") and vowels[phonemes[i+2]] then cur = "t͡s" end if cur == "z" then if next == "z" then cur = "d" next = "d͡z" else cur = "d͡z" end end if cur == "kʰ" then cur = "k" end if cur == "tʰ" then cur = "t" end if cur == "ɡ" and next == "n" then cur = "ɲ" next = "ɲ" end phonemes[i-1], phonemes[i], phonemes[i+1] = prev, cur, next end end return phonemes end

local function get_onset(syll) local consonants = {} for i = 1, #syll do		if vowels[syll[i]] then break end if syll[i] ~= "ˈ" then table.insert(consonants, syll[i]) end end return table.concat(consonants) end

local function get_coda(syll) local consonants = {} for i = #syll, 1, -1 do		if vowels[syll[i]] then break end table.insert(consonants, 1, syll[i]) end return table.concat(consonants) end

local function get_vowel(syll) for i = 1,#syll do		if vowels[syll[i]] then return syll[i] end end end

-- Split the word into syllables of CV shape local function split_syllables(remainder) local syllables = {} local syll = {} for _, phoneme in ipairs(remainder) do if phoneme == "." then if #syll > 0 then table.insert(syllables, syll) syll = {} end -- Insert a special syllable consisting only of a period. -- We remove it later but it forces no movement of consonants across -- the period. table.insert(syllables, {"."}) elseif phoneme == "ˈ" then if #syll > 0 then table.insert(syllables,syll) end syll = {"ˈ"} elseif vowels[phoneme] then table.insert(syll, phoneme) table.insert(syllables, syll) syll = {} else table.insert(syll, phoneme) end end -- If there are phonemes left, then the word ends in a consonant. -- Add another syllable for them, which will get joined the preceding -- syllable down below. if #syll > 0 then table.insert(syllables, syll) end -- Split consonant clusters between syllables for i, current in ipairs(syllables) do if #current == 1 and current[1] == "." then -- If the current syllable is just a period (explicit syllable			-- break), remove it. The loop will then skip the next syllable, -- which will prevent movement of consonants across the syllable -- break (since movement of consonants happens from the current			-- syllable to the previous one). table.remove(syllables, i)		elseif i > 1 then local previous = syllables[i-1] local onset = get_onset(current) -- Shift over consonants until the syllable onset is valid while not (onset == "" or onsets[onset]) do				table.insert(previous, table.remove(current, 1)) onset = get_onset(current) end -- If the preceding syllable still ends with a vowel, -- and the current one begins with s + another consonant, then shift it over. if get_coda(previous) == "" and (current[1] == "s" and not vowels[current[2]]) then table.insert(previous, table.remove(current, 1)) end -- Check if there is no vowel at all in this syllable. That -- generally happens either (1) with an explicit syllable division -- specified, like 'cap.ra', which will get divided into the syllables -- [ca], [p], [.], [ra]; or (2) at the end of a word that ends with -- one or more consonants. We move the consonants onto the preceding -- syllable, then remove the resulting empty syllable. If the -- new current syllable is [.], remove it, too. The loop will then -- skip the next syllable, which will prevent movement of consonants -- across the syllable break (since movement of consonants happens			-- from the current syllable to the previous one). if not get_vowel(current) then for j=1,#current do					table.insert(previous, table.remove(current, 1)) end table.remove(syllables, i) if syllables[i] and #syllables[i] == 1 and syllables[i][1] == "." then table.remove(syllables, i)				end end end end for i, syll in ipairs(syllables) do		local onset = get_onset(syll) local coda = get_coda(syll) if not (onset == "" or onsets[onset]) then require("Module:debug").track("la-pronunc/bad onset") --error("onset error:[" .. onset .. "]") end if not (coda == "" or codas[coda]) then require("Module:debug").track("la-pronunc/bad coda") --error("coda error:[" .. coda .. "]") end end return syllables end

local function phoneme_is_short_vowel(phoneme) return rfind(phoneme, "^[aɛeiɔouy]$") end

local function detect_accent(syllables, is_prefix, is_suffix) -- Manual override for i=1,#syllables do		for j=1,#syllables[i] do			if syllables[i][j] == "ˈ" then table.remove(syllables[i],j) return i			end end end -- Prefixes have no accent. if is_prefix then return -1 end -- Suffixes have an accent only if the stress would be on the suffix when the -- suffix is part of a word. Don't get tripped up by the first syllable being -- nonsyllabic (e.g. in -rnus). if is_suffix then local syllables_with_vowel = #syllables - (get_vowel(syllables[1]) and 0 or 1) if syllables_with_vowel < 2 then return -1 end if syllables_with_vowel == 2 then local penult = syllables[#syllables - 1] if phoneme_is_short_vowel(penult[#penult]) then return -1 end end end -- Detect accent placement if #syllables > 2 then -- Does the penultimate syllable end in a single vowel? local penult = syllables[#syllables - 1] if phoneme_is_short_vowel(penult[#penult]) then return #syllables - 2 else return #syllables - 1 end elseif #syllables == 2 then return #syllables - 1 end end

local function convert_word(word, phonetic, eccl, vul) -- Normalize i/j/u/v; do this before removing breves, so we keep the -- ŭ in langŭī (perfect of languēscō) as a vowel. word = rsub(word, "w", "v") word = rsub(word, "(" .. vowels_c .. ")v(" .. non_vowels_c .. ")", "%1u%2") word = rsub(word, "qu", "qv") word = rsub(word, "ngu(" .. vowels_c .. ")", "ngv%1") word = rsub(word, "^i(" .. vowels_c .. ")", "j%1") word = rsub(word, "^u(" .. vowels_c .. ")", "v%1") -- Per the August 31 2019 recommendation by User:Brutal Russian in	-- Module talk:la-pronunc, we convert i/j between vowels to jj if the -- preceding vowel is short but to single j if the preceding vowel is long. word = rsub(		word,		"(" .. vowels_c .. ")([iju])",		function (vowel, potential_consonant, pos)			if vowels_string:find(usub(word, pos, pos)) then				if potential_consonant == "u" then					return vowel .. "v"				else					if long_vowels_string:find(vowel) then						return vowel .. "j"					else						return vowel .. "jj"					end				end			end		end)

--Convert v to u syllable-finally word = rsub(word, "v%.", "u.") word = rsub(word, "v$", "u")

-- poetic meter shows that a consonant before "h" was syllabified as an onset, not as a coda. -- Based on outcome of talk page discussion, this will be indicated by the omission of /h/ [h] in this context. word = rsub(word, "([dbnx])h", "%1")

-- Convert i to j before vowel and after any prefix that ends in a consonant, -- per the August 23 2019 discussion in Module talk:la-pronunc. for _, pref in ipairs(cons_ending_prefixes) do word = rsub(word, "^(" .. pref .. ")i(" .. vowels_c .. ")", "%1j%2") end

-- In Italian, an intervocalic semivowel/glide (as in It. noia) is not geminated; instead, the preceding vowel is long when stressed if eccl then word = rsub(word, "(" .. vowels_c .. ")j([.ˈ]?)j(" .. vowels_c .. ")", "%1%2j%3") -- replace j.j or jˈj with .j or ˈj between any vowels end

-- Convert z to zz between vowels so that the syllable weight and stress assignment will be correct. word = rsub(word, "(" .. vowels_c .. ")z(" .. vowels_c .. ")", "%1zz%2")

-- Now remove breves. word = rsub(word, "([ăĕĭŏŭ])", remove_breves) -- BREVE sits uncombined in y+breve and vowel-macron + breve word = rsub(word, BREVE, "") -- Normalize aë, oë; do this after removing breves but before any -- other normalizations involving e.	word = rsub(word, "([ao])ë", "%1.e")

-- Eu and ei diphthongs word = rsub(word, "e(u[ms])$", "e.%1") word = rsub(word, "ei", "e.i") word = rsub(word, "_", "") -- Vowel length before nasal + fricative is allophonic word = rsub(word, "([āēīōūȳ])([mn][fs])",		function(vowel, nasalfric)			return remove_macrons[vowel] .. nasalfric		end	) -- Apply some basic phoneme-level assimilations word = rsub(word, "xs?", "x") word = rsub(word, "b([cfpqst])", "p%1") word = rsub(word, "d([cfpqst])", "t%1") word = rsub(word, "g([cfpqst])", "k%1") word = rsub(word, "n([bp])", "m%1")

-- Per May 10 2019 discussion in Module talk:la-pronunc, we syllabify -- prefixes ab-, ad-, ob-, sub- separately from following l or r.	word = rsub(word, "^a([bd])([lr])", "a%1.%2") word = rsub(word, "^ob([lr])", "ob.%1") word = rsub(word, "^sub([lr])", "sub.%1")

-- Remove hyphens indicating prefixes or suffixes; do this after the above, -- some of which are sensitive to beginning or end of word and shouldn't	-- apply to end of prefix or beginning of suffix. local is_prefix, is_suffix word, is_prefix = rsubb(word, "%-$", "") word, is_suffix = rsubb(word, "^%-", "")

-- Convert word to IPA local phonemes = letters_to_ipa(word,phonetic,eccl,vul) -- Split into syllables local syllables = split_syllables(phonemes) -- Add accent local accent = detect_accent(syllables, is_prefix, is_suffix) for i, syll in ipairs(syllables) do		for j, phoneme in ipairs(syll) do			if eccl then syll[j] = rsub(syll[j], "ː", "") elseif phonetic and not vul then syll[j] = lax_vowel[syll[j]] or syll[j] end end end for i, syll in ipairs(syllables) do		if eccl and i == accent and phonetic and vowels[syll[#syll]] then syll[#syll] = lengthen_vowel[syll[#syll]] or syll[#syll] end for j=1, #syll-1 do			if syll[j]==syll[j+1] then syll[j+1] = "" end end end for i, syll in ipairs(syllables) do		syll = table.concat(syll) if vul and i ~= accent then syll = rsub(syll, "ɔ", "o") syll = rsub(syll, "ɛ", "e") end syllables[i] = (i == accent and "ˈ" or "") .. syll end word = (rsub(table.concat(syllables, "."), "%.ˈ", "ˈ")) if phonetic then local rules = eccl and phonetic_rules_eccl or (vul and phonetic_rules_vul or phonetic_rules) for i, rule in ipairs(rules) do			word = rsub(word, rule[1], rule[2]) end end

if eccl then word = rsub(word, "([^aeɛioɔu])ʃ([.ˈ]?)ʃ", "%1%2ʃ")    -- replace ʃ.ʃ or ʃˈʃ with .ʃ or ˈʃ after any consonant end return word end

function initial_canonicalize_text(text) -- Call ulower even though it's also called in phoneticize, -- in case convert_words is called externally. text = ulower(text) text = rsub(text, '[,?!:;"]', '')	text = rsub(text, '[æœ]', remove_ligatures)	return text end

function export.convert_words(text, phonetic, eccl, vul) text = initial_canonicalize_text(text) local disallowed = rsub(text, '[a-z%-āēīōūȳăĕĭŏŭë,.?!:;\'"_ ' .. BREVE .. ']', '')	if ulen(disallowed) > 0 then		if ulen(disallowed) == 1 then			error('The character "' .. disallowed .. '" is not allowed.')		else			error('The characters "' .. disallowed .. '" are not allowed.')		end		end	local result = {}	for word in mw.text.gsplit(text, " ") do		table.insert(result, convert_word(word, phonetic, eccl, vul))	end	return table.concat(result, " ") end

-- Phoneticize Latin TEXT. Return a list of one or more phoneticizations, -- each of which is a two-element list {PHONEMIC, PHONETIC}. If ECCL, use -- Ecclesiastical pronunciation. If VUL, use Vulgar Latin pronunciation. -- Otherwise, use Classical pronunciation. function export.phoneticize(text, eccl, vul) local function do_phoneticize(text, eccl, vul) return { export.convert_words(text, false, eccl, vul), export.convert_words(text, true, eccl, vul), }	end

text = ulower(text) -- If we have a macron-breve sequence, generate two pronunciations, one for -- the long vowel and one for the short. if rfind(text, "[āēīōūȳ]" .. BREVE) then local longvar = rsub(text, "([āēīōūȳ])" .. BREVE, "%1") local shortvar = rsub(text, "([āēīōūȳ])" .. BREVE, macrons_to_breves) local longipa = do_phoneticize(longvar, eccl, vul) local shortipa = do_phoneticize(shortvar, eccl, vul) -- Make sure long and short variants are actually different (they won't		-- be in Ecclesiastical pronunciation). if not ut.equals(longipa, shortipa) then return {longipa, shortipa} else return {longipa} end elseif rfind(text, ";") then local tautosyllabicvar = rsub(text, ";", "") local heterosyllabicvar = rsub(text, ";", ".") local tautosyllabicipa = do_phoneticize(tautosyllabicvar, eccl, vul) local heterosyllabicipa = do_phoneticize(heterosyllabicvar, eccl, vul) if not ut.equals(tautosyllabicipa, heterosyllabicipa) then return {tautosyllabicipa, heterosyllabicipa} else return {tautosyllabicipa} end else return {do_phoneticize(text, eccl, vul)} end end

local function make_row(phoneticizations, dials) local full_pronuns = {} for _, phoneticization in ipairs(phoneticizations) do		local phonemic = phoneticization[1] local phonetic = phoneticization[2] local IPA_args = if phonemic ~= phonetic then table.insert(IPA_args, {pron = '[' .. phonetic .. ']'}) end table.insert(full_pronuns, m_IPA.format_IPA_full(lang, IPA_args)) end return m_a.show(dials) .. ' ' .. table.concat(full_pronuns, ' or ') end

function export.show_full(frame) local params = { [1] = {default = mw.title.getCurrentTitle.nsText == 'Template' and 'īnspīrāre' or mw.title.getCurrentTitle.text}, classical = {type = 'boolean', default = true}, cl = {type = 'boolean', alias_of = 'classical', default = true}, ecclesiastical = {type = 'boolean', default = true}, eccl = {type = 'boolean', alias_of = 'ecclesiastical', default = true}, vul = {type = 'boolean', default = mw.title.getCurrentTitle.nsText == 'Reconstruction'}, ann = {}, accent = {list = true}, indent = {} }	local args = require("Module:parameters").process(frame:getParent.args, params) text = args[1] local categories = {} local accent = args.accent

local indent = (args.indent or "*") .. " "	local out = '' if args.indent then out = indent end if args.classical then out = out .. make_row(export.phoneticize(text, false, false), #accent > 0 and accent or {'Classical'}) end local anntext = (		args.ann == "1" and "" .. rsub(text, "[.'_]", "") .. ":&#32;" or		args.ann and "" .. args.ann .. ":&#32;" or		"")

out = anntext .. out if args.eccl then out = out .. '\n' .. indent .. anntext .. make_row(			export.phoneticize(text, true, false),			#accent > 0 and accent or {'Ecclesiastical'}		) table.insert(categories, lang:getCanonicalName .. ' terms with Ecclesiastical IPA pronunciation') end

if args.vul then out = out .. '\n' .. indent .. anntext .. make_row(			export.phoneticize(text, false, true),			#accent > 0 and accent or {'Vulgar'}		) table.insert(categories, lang:getCanonicalName .. ' terms with Vulgar IPA pronunciation') end return out .. require("Module:utilities").format_categories(categories) end

function export.show(text, phonetic, eccl, vul) if type(text) == "table" then -- assume a frame eccl = text.args["eccl"] vul = text.args["vul"] text = text.args[1] or mw.title.getCurrentTitle.text end if vul then phonetic = true end return export.convert_words(text, phonetic, eccl, vul) end

function export.allophone(word, eccl, vul) return export.show(word, true, eccl, vul) end

return export

-- For Vim, so we get 4-space tabs -- vim: set ts=4 sw=4 noet: